Substantiation of the distance of installing infor-mation means
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30977/BUL.2219-5548.2019.86.2.167Ключові слова:
psychophysiology, temperament, reaction time, distance of installation, traffic signsАнотація
Problem. The article offers an analysis of the factors that influence the perception of information support, which are put forward, by drivers when driving a vehicle. The reliability of the driver is determined by their ability to drive a car unmistakably in all road conditions during all working hours. The components of a driver's professional reliability are their suitability, readiness and efficiency. Psychophysiological requirements for drivers are determined by their professional activity or personal need to drive a vehicle. When driving a car, it is necessary to maintain an optimal psychological state for a long time, in which information is quickly, and qualitatively perceived and processed. Deviation of psychological state from the norm increases the probability of erroneous actions of the driver. In the process of driving the driver has to make difficult decisions related to the consideration of a large number of factors, parameters and situations. The processing of received information is accompanied by a comparison of possible solutions based on the developed skills, management experience, knowledge and understanding of traffic rules. Perceived information is evaluated by the driver in terms of its safety or danger. The response of the driver to any element of the road environment is aimed at changing the emotional tension, which is caused by complications of driving, the influence of unexpected maneuvers of other cars and reducing the distance of visibility. The time of reaction depends on the driver's age, the gender, health status, professional qualities and psychological characteristics. Results. According to the results of the work, a set of psychophysiological indicators, that influence the driver's perception of the means of information support is determined; the importance and speed of the driver's perception of the road's conditions and the level of reaction, which is determined by the number of objects, that the driver is able to perceive and correctly respond to; analysis of the degree of psychological processes, which is manifested in the emotional arousal and general mobility of the person, the ranking is established, regarding the ability of the person to perform the duties of the driver depending on temperament (it was established that phlegmatic person is the most inhibited to promote road conditions and decision-making in short time); recommended periodic distances of road signs depending on the category of highway, the speed of the vehicle, the time required to identify the object and their numberПосилання
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