Some features of transfer of pollution in the surface layer near the road
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30977/BUL.2219-5548.2019.87.0.91Ключові слова:
highway, roadside spaces, pollution transport, numerical simulation, field measurements near the groundАнотація
Problem and goal. On the basis of the developed software, the task was to study the characteristics of the carbon dioxide admixture transfer in the surface layer of the road under conditions of the lateral wind stream, variable relief of the adjacent terrain and roadside plantations of different density. Methodology. The system of transfer equations is used, which includes the Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes equations, the transfer equation of the passive scalar and the equations of the high-Reynolds two-parameter turbulence model. In the simulations, the model of an incompressible medium was used. The system of transfer equations is approximated on the hexahedral mesh description of the computational domain. Solver, integrating the system of equations, is based on an implicit algorithm with splitting of the transfer equations by the method of variable directions based on the TVD scheme of the second order accuracy with the compressibility correction. The models of the long straight road are considered within the framework of the two-dimensional impurity distribution model and the curvilinear road with variations of plantings and terrain geometry. The plantings are modeled as a porous medium with variable resistance based on the use of additional terms in the equations of motion and transport of turbulent pulsations. The flow outside the computational domain was assumed completely turbulent, which was determined by the input wind velocity profile using the boundary layer. Results. Based on the analysis of the composition and intensity of the traffic flow, a constant flow rate of carbon monoxide of 5е-6 kg/s per linear meter of the centerline was set. The data on carrying out field studies on various types of terrain, relief and plantings are given. Originality. Comparisons of calculated data and measurements for the case of a long straight road show satisfactory compliance. On road models with a curved axial line, the effect of the angle between the free-stream velocity vector and the direction of the axial line on the airing of the roadside is shown. Practical value. The possibility of airing the roadside space by organizing planting gaps on the bends of the road is discussed.
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