Methods of measuring the influence of electro-magnetic radiation of vehicles on the person and the environment

Анотація

The influence of modern automobiles and automobile flows on the environment and human health is considered. Suggestions have been made to develop a methodology for measuring electromagnetic emissions from automobiles at the stage of their operation and repair. The article is an analysis of research on the negative and harmful factors of exposure to electromagnetic fields and radiation on the human body, exceeding the existing standards several times (according to some foreign sources) on the examples of Ukraine and abroad. According to various literary sources, the electromagnetic pollution of the urban environment from motor vehicles can reach 30 %. Indicators of the electromagnetic field (EMF) depend on the intensity of the motor transport. At present, the percentage of EMF from road transport in cities has increased significantly. The percentage of EMF increases due to increased traffic flows, the number and power of electrical equipment of a single vehicle. The motor vehicle though is a relatively low-powered source of electromagnetic radiation (EMR), but the EMR problem exists. At the same time, there is still no clear definition of what level of exposure is harmful to health. Official safety tests in most countries do not measure the strength of such fields in cars. The nature of electromagnetic radiation is associated with vortex electrical and magnetic fields. The degree of influence is determined by the amount of energy of electromagnetic radiation, depending on the frequency or wavelength. By electrical properties, most living tissues at frequencies above 60 kHz can be considered as animate dielectrics. A man-caused background created by the flow of vehicles equipped with a system of ignition, on highways and in densely populated locations in the period of intense traffic far exceeds the natural. The highest level of electromagnetic field intensity is observed in cities and industrial zones. The analysis shows that the electromagnetic environment will deteriorate as the number of cars increases. The situation is complicated by the fact that in the process of operation, the level of electromagnetic radiation, in particular from the ignition system of the car, increases in the result of the aging processes of various designs and elements that affect the parameters of the EMF.